ALFREDO TORO HARDY is a Venezuelan retired diplomat, scholar and author. He has a PhD on International Relations from the Geneva School of Diplomacy and International Relations (GSDIR), Master degrees from the University of Pennsylvania and the Central University of Venezuela and a Post-graduate degree from ENA (France).

Before resigning from his country’s foreign service in protest for the authoritarian outreach of the government, he served as Ambassador to the United States, the United Kingdom, Spain, Brazil, Ireland, Singapore and Chile, as well as Director of the Venezuelan Diplomatic Academy.

Former Fulbright Scholar and Visiting Professor at Princeton University. A two-times Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center Resident Scholar. He is an Honorary Fellow of the GSDIR and a member of the Experts Review Panel of the Bellagio Center. He is the author of twenty-one books and the co-author of fifteen more on international affairs. His latest book was published in 2022 by Palgrave Macmillan.